The Role of the Central Bank in Stabilizing the Economy Essay -- monet

Monetary PolicyMonetary polity is divided into two categories, contractionary fiscal policy and expansionary monetary policy. Contractionary monetary policy is a policy that reduces the notes furnish and increases interest rate. It aims to slow down economic growth in order to prevent or slow down inflation. Expansionary monetary policy is a policy that lowers interest rate and increases money supply. It aims to stimulate economic growth and to pull the country out of recession. There are different tools of monetary policy such as Open Market Operations, Discount Rate and Reserve Requirements. The Open Market Operations are one of the major tools in monetary policy. It involves buying and selling bonds to regulate money supply in the countrys economy. In term of expansionary monetary policy, the central verify increases the money supply by buying bonds from commercial banks, and then the funds are increased and the commercial banks can use as loans to public. When there are mor e hard currency in the bank, the interest rates will be decreased and this promotes economic growth. In term of contractionary monetary policy, the money supply reduces as the central bank sells bonds to the commercial banks, the short term interest rate of banks increases and therefore it slows down the economic growth.Discount Rate is the interest rate that commercial banks pay to repeat funds from central bank (U.S. Department of State, n.d.). This works when the public deposit money into commercial banks commercial banks also deposit money into the central bank. At the same time, the central bank lends money to commercial banks and commercial banks lend money to the public. When there is inflation, the contractionary monetary policy is applied. The c... ... 6 March 2014Tutor2u, n.d., limitations of gdp when measuring bread and butter standards, available from http//www.tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/livingstandards/limitations_of_gdp.htm 5 March 2014U.S. Department of State, n.d., Bank Reserves and the Discount Rate, available from http//economics.about.com/od/monetaryandfiscalpolicy/a/bank_reserves.htm 3 March 2014Weil, n.d., Fiscal Policy, available from http//www.econlib.org/ library/Enc/FiscalPolicy.html 4 March 2014Workshop on Fiscal Policy IMF, 2009, The Effectiveness of Automatic Stabilizers, available from https//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=16&cad=rja&ved=0CEkQFjAFOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fnp%2Fseminars%2Feng%2F2009%2Ffispol%2Fpdf%2Ffatas.ppt&ei=c_4VU-j6NI6AhAf0lYCQDw&usg=AFQjCNHGi-hdnMfsvPmWfdpw6j9cisYLkQ&bvm=bv.62286460,d.ZGU 4 March 2014